Determinantes Sociodemográficos y Adherencia a patrones Dietéticos Saludables: un análisis transversal en la población Universitaria

Jessica Elizabeth Cholca Cacuango; Jefferson Isaac Campos Narvaéz; Ruth Abigail Valenzuela Anrrango; Jean Pierre Quelal Vega; Kevin Joel Oyagata Perugachi; Mishell Estefania Benavides Martínez

doi:10.70625/rmis/523

Authors

Jessica Elizabeth Cholca Cacuango Universidad Técnica del Norte Author https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5771-9207
Jefferson Isaac Campos Narvaéz Universidad Técnica del Norte Author
Ruth Abigail Valenzuela Anrrango Universidad Técnica del Norte Author
Jean Pierre Quelal Vega Universidad Técnica del Norte Author
Kevin Joel Oyagata Perugachi Universidad Técnica del Norte Author
Mishell Estefania Benavides Martínez Universidad de Las Américas Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70625/rmis/523

Keywords:

Determinantes sociodemográficos, Adherencia dietética, Entorno universitario

Abstract

La investigación analiza los factores sociodemográficos y Adherencia a patrones Dietéticos Saludables entre estudiantes universitarios en la Universidad Técnica del Norte, de la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativa y Económicas (FACAE), se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo de alcance correlacional y diseño transversal bajo el paradigma positivista. Como instrumento, se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado cuya confiabilidad fue validada mediante el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach, obteniendo un valor de 0.86, lo que denota una alta consistencia interna. La muestra probabilística consistió en 353 alumnos. Antes del análisis inferencial, se evaluó la normalidad de los datos mediante la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk (adecuada para n=33 en pruebas piloto) y análisis de asimetría, determinando que las variables de consumo no seguían una distribución gaussiana (p < 0.05), lo que justificó el uso de estadística no paramétrica. Los hallazgos revelaron una baja adherencia práctica a dietas balanceadas (26.9%) y una alta incidencia de factores externos como el estrés académico (42.2%) y la falta de tiempo (34.8%) como barreras nutricionales. Se concluye la existencia de una brecha crítica entre el conocimiento nutricional y el comportamiento real, condicionado por el entorno socioeconómico y académico.

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